Special Effects
Stunt Props
Sugar glass is bottles made to look exactly like bottles of alcohol but made out of sugar, they can be used to hit someone over the head with one as it looks exactly like a real bottle. They are made sugar and other ingredients until the sugar caramelises then using food colouring of choice to then be modelled into the real shape of a bottle. An example of how sugar glass has been used is the Grinch where the Grinch eats a bottle as food, he bites straight into the bottle and eats it as if it was a meal. This makes it safer for the crew and actors as it is pain free, they won't be getting hit by a real glass bottle over their head which is not only safer but pain free.
Props / Costume
Why do filmmakers use more than one prop? Filmmakers use more than one prop as it allows them to have more than one action happening in an environment at once, it doesn't limit the team to what they are capable of during production. An example of how this is used is in Star Wars, R2D2, C-3PO and the guns used by the Stormtroopers. These are all props as they can't use real guns during production down to obvious reasons, This gives the effect of realistic action. This gives the audience an effect of tension and suspense when the guns are being fired and shot around the place as if they were real guns during the fighting scenes.
Makeup / Prosthetics
What are prosthetics? Prosthetics are artificial body parts, used to be made out of wood or metal but down to todays technology they are made from a realistic looking rubber. They are used in films to be shot at or cut in action scenes when they are caught by bullets.They are used to also keep safe and look as realistic as possible when the actors are showing they have been shot. This creates an effect on the audience through making them believe what is happening is real, for example if an arm was to be cut off, they would be grossed out. Even though it is not real, the prosthetics have made it look real.
Pyrotechnics
Pyrotechnics are things such as explosions, flashes, flames and smoke. These things can be used inside many things, such as music videos, films, theatre etc. These are made by professionals through science, knowing exactly how to make them and how to use them properly depending on the environment they are in. Pyrotechnics are used on live stage performances, such as Travis Scott that uses smoke throughout his sets and sudden bursts of quick flames to make the setlist/live performance more exciting and surprising, this helps keep the audience entertained and more interested with the set. Travis Scott keeps himself safe through practice sets, they will run through warm ups so that they know exactly where the pyrotechnics will be happening so that it keeps everyone safe from burns, pains and damage etc.
Mechanised Props
Mechanised props are machined devices used as props, they are used to get as close to the real thing down to their motions in the engineering/mechanics. An example of a mechanised prop is the shark from the film Jaws (1975). This shark was has skin made of polyurethane rubber which not only made the shark look realistic but also stopped the electrics getting wet inside. This takes an effect on the audience as it looks so realistic in the look and the movement of the shark they forget its not a real shark through out the film, the shark was able to swim, jump out of the water on to the boat and also lunge itself to bite the men on the boat, leaving the viewers scared and tense about the action happening.
Scale Models
A scale model is a smaller version of a real object, for example on a movie set they could use a small version of a painted plane made from hand so that is also saves themselves money from having to get an actual plane out and fund the costs to run in.An example of this is the plane used in Thundercats, baring in mind it is animation they still use a scale model to capture the plane in the sky to look as realistic as possible. The advantages of this is the fact that is saves the production company a massive amount of money while still being able to capture the essence of a real looking flying plane in action and motion.
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